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When to plant in Duluth, MN

USDA Zone 4b

Everything below — frost dates, hardiness zone, and what to plant when in Duluth, Minnesota — is derived from the closest NOAA station with complete climate normals.

Zone 4b is cold — in Duluth, most perennials must be fully hardy, and your frost dates set a tight window for tender annual vegetables.

Station · DULUTH HARBOR STN · 3.4 km
Last spring frost
May 14
50% chance · 32°F
First fall frost
October 12
50% chance · 32°F
Growing season
151 days
frost-free
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Frost calendar for DuluthA year-band showing 32°F frost risk from January to December for Duluth: last spring frost around May 14, first fall frost around October 12, about 151 frost-free days between.
Shaded months carry frost risk; the clear span is the average frost-free season.

Frost probability

DULUTH HARBOR STN · 1991–2020

The date the last spring and first fall frost occur, by threshold and probability. A 90% date is later in spring — and earlier in fall — than a 10% date; the 50% · 32°F row is what most gardeners plan around. These are Duluth’s own odds, recorded at DULUTH HARBOR STN.

Frost-probability curves for DuluthProbability of the last spring frost and first fall frost by date at 32°F. The last spring frost is most likely around May 14 and the first fall frost around October 12, giving about 151 frost-free days.
Last spring frostFirst fall frostbold = 32°F · thin = 28°F / 36°F · dot = 50% date · band = 10–90% window
ThresholdSPRING 10%SPRING 50%SPRING 90%FALL 10%FALL 50%FALL 90%
36°FJun 16May 31May 12Sep 12Sep 30Oct 14
32°FJun 1May 14Apr 24Sep 25Oct 12Oct 26
28°FMay 18Apr 29Apr 11Oct 9Oct 25Nov 7

Download this table as CSV ↓ — every threshold and probability, plus this city’s planting-window dates.

What to plant now

TODAY · JULY 19
Fall sowopen now
Rutabaga
July 6July 20
Fall sowin 1 days
Broccoli
July 20August 3
Fall sowin 1 days
Cabbage
July 20August 3
Fall sowin 1 days
Carrot
July 20August 3
Fall sowin 1 days
Cauliflower
July 20August 3
Fall sowin 1 days
Napa Cabbage
July 20August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Beet
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Collards
August 3August 31
Fall sowin 15 days
Endive
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Escarole
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Fennel (Bulb)
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Kale
August 3August 31
Fall sowin 15 days
Kohlrabi
August 3August 31
Fall sowin 15 days
Peas
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Radicchio
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Swiss Chard
August 3August 17
Fall sowin 15 days
Turnip
August 3August 31

Add these crops to your calendar (.ics) ↓

Full-year planting calendar

Start indoorsTransplantDirect sowFall sow

Each bar is the exact window to take a planting action in Duluth, drawn to the day from the local frost dates. The dashed line is today.

Nearby weather stations

3 within 9 km · complete 32°F normals

When stations disagree by more than a few days, that spread is real microclimate variation — elevation, water, urban heat. Judge which station best matches your own yard.

DULUTH HARBOR STN
Primary
3 km · 186 m elevation
SPRING
May 14
FALL
Oct 12
SUPERIOR
7 km · 185 m elevation
SPRING
May 6
FALL
Oct 9
DULUTH
9 km · 435 m elevation
SPRING
May 13
FALL
Oct 1

Duluth planting FAQ

When is the last spring frost in Duluth, MN?

Duluth's average last spring frost falls near May 14 — the 50% mark at 32°F in the 1991–2020 normals. Hold tender transplants until the risk has passed, then plant out.

When is the first fall frost in Duluth, MN?

In Duluth, the first 32°F freeze of fall lands around October 12 on average. Time your last harvests and any season-extension cover before it.

What hardiness zone is Duluth in?

Duluth is in USDA hardiness zone 4b. In zone 4b, winters are cold — pick cold-hardy varieties and protect tender crops.

How long is the growing season in Duluth?

There are roughly 151 frost-free days in Duluth (a moderate growing season), running from the average last frost around May 14 to the first fall frost near October 12.

When should I plant tomatoes in Duluth?

In Duluth, start tomato seeds indoors around March 19–April 2, then transplant seedlings outdoors around May 21 once the danger of frost has passed.

Planting reminders

Never miss a window in Duluth

An email when it’s time to start seeds, transplant, and sow — timed to Duluth’s frost dates. Double opt-in, one-click unsubscribe, no spam.

Nearby cities

8 within reach

Frost dates recorded at DULUTH HARBOR STN, 3 km from the city center · 1991–2020 NOAA climate normals · zone from the USDA/PRISM 2023 map. How we compute this.

Cite this page
BlissGarden. "When to Plant in Duluth, MN — Frost Dates & Zone 4b." Frost normals: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020, station USC00212246. Retrieved from https://blissgarden.com/minnesota/duluth.
When to Plant in Duluth, MN — Frost Dates & Zone 4b — BlissGarden