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When to plant in Helena, MT

USDA Zone 5a

Everything below — frost dates, hardiness zone, and what to plant when in Helena, Montana — is derived from the closest NOAA station with complete climate normals.

Zone 5a means Helena sees real winter cold, but a good range of perennials survive; the frost dates above govern when annual vegetables go out.

Station · HELENA RGNL AP · 4.4 km
Last spring frost
May 9
50% chance · 32°F
First fall frost
September 30
50% chance · 32°F
Growing season
144 days
frost-free
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Frost calendar for HelenaA year-band showing 32°F frost risk from January to December for Helena: last spring frost around May 9, first fall frost around September 30, about 144 frost-free days between.
Shaded months carry frost risk; the clear span is the average frost-free season.

The average first fall frost in Helena is now 5 days later than in the 1981–2010 normals. See how frost dates are shifting nationwide →

Frost probability

HELENA RGNL AP · 1991–2020

The date the last spring and first fall frost occur, by threshold and probability. A 90% date is later in spring — and earlier in fall — than a 10% date; the 50% · 32°F row is what most gardeners plan around. These are Helena’s own odds, recorded at HELENA RGNL AP.

Frost-probability curves for HelenaProbability of the last spring frost and first fall frost by date at 32°F. The last spring frost is most likely around May 9 and the first fall frost around September 30, giving about 144 frost-free days.
Last spring frostFirst fall frostbold = 32°F · thin = 28°F / 36°F · dot = 50% date · band = 10–90% window
ThresholdSPRING 10%SPRING 50%SPRING 90%FALL 10%FALL 50%FALL 90%
36°FJun 13May 25May 10Sep 4Sep 19Oct 1
32°FMay 25May 9Apr 29Sep 17Sep 30Oct 11
28°FMay 11Apr 29Apr 15Sep 25Oct 7Oct 22

Download this table as CSV ↓ — every threshold and probability, plus this city’s planting-window dates.

What to plant now

TODAY · JULY 19
Fall sowopen now
Broccoli
July 8July 22
Fall sowopen now
Cabbage
July 8July 22
Fall sowopen now
Carrot
July 8July 22
Fall sowopen now
Cauliflower
July 8July 22
Fall sowopen now
Napa Cabbage
July 8August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Beet
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Collards
July 22August 19
Fall sowin 3 days
Endive
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Escarole
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Fennel (Bulb)
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Kale
July 22August 19
Fall sowin 3 days
Kohlrabi
July 22August 19
Fall sowin 3 days
Peas
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Radicchio
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Swiss Chard
July 22August 5
Fall sowin 3 days
Turnip
July 22August 19
Fall sowin 17 days
Arugula
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Bok Choy
August 5August 19
Fall sowin 17 days
Chervil
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Cilantro
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Claytonia (Miner's Lettuce)
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Corn Salad (Mâche)
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Gai Lan (Chinese Broccoli)
August 5August 19
Fall sowin 17 days
Lettuce
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Mizuna
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Mustard Greens
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Radish
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Shungiku (Edible Chrysanthemum)
August 5August 19
Fall sowin 17 days
Spinach
August 5September 2
Fall sowin 17 days
Tatsoi
August 5September 2

Add these crops to your calendar (.ics) ↓

Full-year planting calendar

Start indoorsTransplantDirect sowFall sow

Each bar is the exact window to take a planting action in Helena, drawn to the day from the local frost dates. The dashed line is today.

Nearby weather stations

3 within 25 km · complete 32°F normals

When stations disagree by more than a few days, that spread is real microclimate variation — elevation, water, urban heat. Judge which station best matches your own yard.

HELENA RGNL AP
Primary
4 km · 1167 m elevation
SPRING
May 9
FALL
Sep 30
AUSTIN 1 W
20 km · 1479 m elevation
SPRING
Jun 4
FALL
Sep 14
TIZER GARDENS
25 km · 1424 m elevation
SPRING
Jun 18
FALL
Sep 5

Helena planting FAQ

When is the last spring frost in Helena, MT?

On average, the last spring frost in Helena is around May 9 (50% probability at 32°F, from 1991–2020 NOAA normals). Wait until after this date to set out tender plants like tomatoes and peppers.

When is the first fall frost in Helena, MT?

In Helena, the first 32°F freeze of fall lands around September 30 on average. Time your last harvests and any season-extension cover before it.

What hardiness zone is Helena in?

Helena is in USDA hardiness zone 5a. In zone 5a, winters are cold — pick cold-hardy varieties and protect tender crops.

How long is the growing season in Helena?

There are roughly 144 frost-free days in Helena (a short growing season), running from the average last frost around May 9 to the first fall frost near September 30.

When should I plant tomatoes in Helena?

In Helena, start tomato seeds indoors around March 14–March 28, then transplant seedlings outdoors around May 16 once the danger of frost has passed.

Planting reminders

Never miss a window in Helena

An email when it’s time to start seeds, transplant, and sow — timed to Helena’s frost dates. Double opt-in, one-click unsubscribe, no spam.

Nearby cities

8 within reach

Frost dates recorded at HELENA RGNL AP, 4 km from the city center · 1991–2020 NOAA climate normals · zone from the USDA/PRISM 2023 map. How we compute this.

Cite this page
BlissGarden. "When to Plant in Helena, MT — Frost Dates & Zone 5a." Frost normals: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020, station USW00024144. Retrieved from https://blissgarden.com/montana/helena.